Magazine Contents  Six Equine Instincts That Determine Behavior
These instincts have insured the survival of horses throughout the ages.
What can you do to help?
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  Self Preservation ~ Stay Put, Fight or Flight
The strongest motivator of equine behavior is the will to live.  When horses encounter unfamiliar objects or creatures they are likely to react in one of three ways.  (1) If reassured by the calmness of his herdmates or a trusted human companion, the horse may decide that it is safe to stay put and evaluate the situation.  (2) The horse may attempt to frighten, threaten or destroy the object, or (3) he may turn and flee in an attempt to outrun the perceived problem.  What can you do to help?  If your horse chooses the fight or flight options, you can try to determine what is alarming him and then do your best using calming verbal tones and a quiet casual attitude to restore his confidence.

The Need to Eat ~ Anxious, Agitated, Impatient, Kicking Out
All equines need to eat to survive.  Horses are a grazing animal and therefore like to eat almost all the time.  Horses not "on grass pastures" often do not have this luxury and their urge to eat can become an annoying problem.  Stalled horses during feeding time can become irritated or impatient and kick, paws, whinnie and even buck in the stall until their hay and grain arrive.  Wondering when their next meal is coming cannot be good for horses.  Impatience while waiting to be fed can sometimes not be good for the barn.  What can you do to help?   Evaluate your feeding schedule to make sure it is adequate for your horse's needs.  And very important; feed on a regular schedule every day of the year.

The Need to Remain Comfortable ~ Pinned ears, Agitated
Awareness of this instinct requires that you carefully observe your horse's body language and reactions.  Horses fear physical punishment from humans.  Whether you "hit" your horse or not, somewhere in his past another human may have punished your horse and he may be quite concerned when you raise a hand or whip quickly when he is nearby.  Horses often just smell the veterinarian coming and become agitated because they can remember discomfort during medical treatments.  Some horses are difficult to tack up because their equipment is uncomfortable or they have had unpleasant riding sessions.  Horses who are trying to avoid pain often will keep their head low, pin their ears and try to get away from their handler.  What can you do to help?  Be sensible and considerate when working around your horse.  Avoid quick, offensive movements and gestures.  When possible, place a reassuring hand on your horse during medical procedures.  Practice routine checks on your equipment (the saddle in particular) to make sure the fit is proper.  and....don't hit your horse.

The Need to Reproduce ~ "Mare-ish" & Unruly  Behavior
Behavior patterns stemming from this instinct are often misunderstood by human caretakers.  During the time when a mare is sexually receptive she may squeal often, hold her tail to one side and urinate frequently.  When you are riding a mare "in season" she may be more sensitive to your leg pressure on her sides.  Stallions and certain geldings will respond to a mare's seasonal behavior and they might exhibit dominant behavior toward people and other horses.  This sort of behavior is almost always seasonal in nature and usually goes away in the late Fall and Winter months.  What can you do to help?   Horses that are extremely aggressive or are quite agitated may need hormonal treatment and evaluation from the veterinarian.  Horses that exhibit this behavior year-round may need treatment as well.

The Need to Protect Offspring ~ Pinned Ears & Threats
Horses exhibit "mother's instincts".  Some mares will do whatever they feel it takes to protect their foal.  Even well-meaning humans can get the pinned ears and head shaking warning from Mama that means...stay away period.  Most domesticated mares trust and respect their caregivers and welcome an active participation in the foal rearing.  What can you do to help?  Be sensitive to the mare's needs especially at the time of birth.  Move slowly and quietly during the first few days around the newborn foal.  Follow the mare's leads as to when and how much you can assist her in raising the foal.

The Need to Communicate ~ Vocal & Non-vocal
This instinct and it's effect on equine behavior is perhaps the most studied and discussed amongst horsepeople.  Horses are very social creatures and we refer to them as "herd" animals.  Countless studies have been done in order to determine how horses communicate with one another.  Watch them in the pasture or paddock as they mutually groom each other.  Observe them standing side-by-side and nose to tail to keep flys off each other.  Notice how they can run and buck and kick out at each other and no one gets hurt.  Pretty impressive.  All horseman have observed the nickering of one stable-mate to another when they are parted.  Invariably,  this occurs during your Championship class at the big show of the year.  What can  you do to help?   Keep the companion in sight at shows. Whenever possible, turn your horse out with other compatible horses so that they can "be horses".  Become aware of your horse's obvious as well as their subtle communications to you and other horses.  You don't have to be a "Whisperer" to understand most of your horse's messages.  Respond appropriately and it will mean a lot to your horse's well-being.  

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